TABLE 1.
Demographic, biochemical, and clinical characteristics of the population of study. Median (range) or count (percentage) is shown.
| Controls | Nephrosclerosis | p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Males | 359 | 50.2% | 334 | 67.7% | <0.0001 |
| Females | 356 | 49.8% | 159 | 32.3% | ||
| Age, years | 60 | (21–84) | 66 | (24–89) | <0.0001 | |
| Ethnicity | Caucasian | 709 | 99.0% | 482 | 97.8% | NS |
| Other | 7 | 1.0% | 11 | 2.2% | ||
| Weight, kg | 75.15 | (43.6–160) | 79.95 | (38–135) | <0.0001 | |
| Body mass index | 28.25 | (17.24–61.76) | 29.34 | (18.71–51.73) | <0.0001 | |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 97 | (56–254) | 101 | (47–355) | <0.001 | |
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 9.4 | (5.6–10.6) | 9.4 | (6.2–10.7) | NS | |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 141 | (133–149) | 141 | (128–148) | NS | |
| Potasium (mEq/L) | 4.5 | (3.5–5.9) | 4.7 | (3.2–7.5) | <0.0001 | |
| Cholesterol, mg/dl | 201 | (121–322) | 180 | (76–317) | <0.0001 | |
| HDL, mg/dl | 52.0 | (24.8–137) | 47.0 | (15.1–132) | <0.0001 | |
| LDL, mg/dl | 125.0 | (35–232.1) | 103.0 | (26–235) | <0.0001 | |
| Diabetes | No | 660 | 92.3% | 379 | 76.9% | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 55 | 7.7% | 114 | 23.1% | ||
| Hypertension | No | 310 | 43.4% | 19 | 3.9% | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 405 | 56.6% | 474 | 96.1% | ||
| Smoking | Non-smokers | 327 | 45.7% | 203 | 41.2% | NS |
| Former smokers | 263 | 36.8% | 202 | 41.0% | ||
| Smokers | 125 | 17.5% | 88 | 17.8% | ||
| Dyslipidemia | No | 313 | 64.1% | 146 | 31.7% | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 175 | 35.9% | 314 | 68.3% | ||
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 0.83 | (0.50–1.28) | 1.68 | (0.32–8.17) | <0.0001 | |
| eGFR, ml/min | 88.78 | (12–149) | 38.11 | (5–60.74) | <0.0001 | |
| ACR, mg/g | 6.40 | (0.01–256) | 72.62 | (0.01–4,583.89)8 | <0.0001 | |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; NS, non-significant.