Table 3.
Outcomes of studies using BDI to measure depressive symptoms/clinically relevant depressive symptom scores.
| Study, year | TQ | Tinnitus distress [mean (SD)] | Depressive symptoms questionnaire | Depressive symptom questionnaire score [mean (SD)] | Provided definition of clinically relevant depressive symptom scores | Prevalence of clinically relevant depressive symptom scores (%) | Correlation tinnitus distress and depressive symptoms (test used) | 95% CI | Significance: p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zachariae et al. (42) | THI | 40.0 (22.3) | BDI-I | NR | NR | NR | 0.73 (Pearson) | NR | <0.01 |
| Granjeiro et al. (70) | THI | N.R. | BDI-I | NR | NR | 33.8 (tinnitus) 13.0 (control) |
0.506 (Spearman) | NR | <0.001 |
| Zeman et al. (61) | THI | Median 46 IQR 30-66 | BDI-I | 9 (IQR 5:16) | According to BDI manual** | NR. | R2 0.46 B 0.26∞ | NR | <0.001 |
| Oron et al. (62) | THI | N.R. | BDI-I | NR | NR | NR | 0.725 (Spearman) | NR | 0,01 |
| Wielopolski et al. (65) | THI | 44.4 (23.3) | BDI-I | 9.3 (6.9) | ***** | 11.6 | 0.70 (Pearson) | NR | <0.001 |
| Shin et al. (66) | THQ TPFQ |
34.5 (20.6) 40.8 (23.6) |
BDI-I | 14.5 (12.5) | NR | NR | N.R. 0.55 (Pearson) |
NR NR |
N.R. <0.01 |
| Han et al. (67) | THI male THI female |
38.3 (25.9) 43.0 (5.9) |
BDI-I BDI-I |
8.7 (9.8) 11.6 (9.3) |
****** | NR NR |
0.606 (Pearson) 0.395(Pearson) |
NR NR |
<0.01 <0.01 |
| Ooms et al. (53) | THI | 44.12 (22.72) | BDI-II | 11.27 (9.45) | According to BDI manual** | 5.9 | 0.38 (Pearson) | NR | <0.01 |
| Temugan et al. (63) | THI | 37.84 (19.45)* | BDI-II÷ | 8.95 (6.78)* | *** | NR | 0.271 (Pearson) | NR | 0.82 |
| Trevis et al. (60) | THI | 26.32 (95% 21.79–30.85) | BDI-II | 9.9.5 (7.62–12.28) | According to BDI manual** | 6 | 0.51 (Spearman) | NR | <0.001 |
| Weidt et al. (64) | THI | 44.3 (23) | BDI-II | 9.2 (7) | BDI ≥ 18 points | 11.5 | 0.50 (R2), B=0.21 | NR | <0.001 |
| Fackrell et al. (68) | THI THQ TFI |
37.6 (20.1) 41.3 (17.9) 40.6 (20.1) |
BDI-II | 8.4 (8.2) | NR | NR | 0.60 (Pearson) 0.53 (Pearson) 0.57 (Pearson) |
NR | N.R. |
| Kehrle et al. (69) | THI | N.R. | BDI-II | NR | **** | 41.6 | 0.651 (Spearman) | NR | <0.001 |
| Fioretti et al. (54) | TSCH, THI | M 39.0 (25.4) F 43.7 (21.8) |
BDI-II | M 9.1 (6.6) F 12.5 (8.3) |
According to BDI** | NR | 0.68 (Pearson) | NR | <0.001 |
| Barozzi et al. (52) | THI, TFI | NR | BDI-PC | NR | NR | NR | 0.46 (pearson) | NR | <0.01 |
Abbreviations and symbols:. ÷, referred to in text as Becks depression scale; NR, not reported; THI, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; TFI, Tinnitus Functional Index; TQ, tinnitus Questionnaire; THQ, Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire; TPFQ, Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire; TSCH, Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire; *, Discrepancies were found in the THI score and BDI score comparing the data out of the text to the data out of the tables of the included studies. This table present the scores presented in the article's table. In the text scores are: THI 38.04 (20.03), BDI 9.46 (6.49); ∞, a linear regression was used; **, BDI-I: 0–9 minimal, 10–18 mild, 19–29 moderate, 39–63 severe. / BDI-II: 0–13 minimal , 14–19 mild, 20–28 moderate, 29–63 Severe; ***, 1–10 normal 11–16 slight psychological breakdown 1–20 borderline clinic depression 21–30 moderate depression 31–40 serious depression >40 very high depression; ****, 0–11 minimal 12–19 mild 20–35 moderate 36–63 severe; *****, 0–10 corresponds with no or minimal depression, of 11–17 with a mild or moderate depression, of 18–63 with a clinical relevant depression; ******, 0–9 no depression, 10–15 mild depression, 16–23 moderate depression 24-63 severe depression.