Table 2.

Postoperative (PO) pain control measured by VAS.

Hospital stay
Postoperative pain	User (average ± SD) N = 46	Nonuser (average ± SD) N = 46	Statistical analysis
Pain, 6 h PO	2.9 ± 1.9	2.9 ± 2.0	P = .916
Pain, 12 h PO (N)	3.0 ± 1.8 (45)	2.9 ± 1.2 (45)	P = .786
Pain, 24 h PO (N)	3.0 ± 2.2 (42)	3.0 ± 1.7 (41)	P = .999
Pain, wk 1 average	4.1 ± 1.9	3.4 ± 1.6	P = .055
Pain, wk 2 average	3.5 ± 1.9	2.9 ± 1.5	P = .071
Pain (self-reported at visit)	1.6 ± 1.6	1.0 ± 1.6	P = .111

SD, standard deviation; VAS, visual analog scale.