Table 1.

Composition of exosomes.

Composition	Types	Examples	References
Proteins	Cytosolic proteins, cell surface proteins, membrane associated proteins, enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins	fusion proteins, enzymes, chaperones, and MVBs formation-related proteins (e.g. CD9, CD63, CD81, CD147, Alix, TSG101, heat shock proteins (Hsp60), LAMP-1, Calnexin, PKM2, ANXA2, HSP90A1, SDCBP, YWHAE, LDHA, MSN, PDCP6IP, ANXA5, FASN, ACTN4, LDHB, ANXA1, HSPA1A and YWHA	[3]
Lipids	Cholesterol, Sphingolipids Ceramide, Glycerols	sphingomyelin, cholesterol, gangliosideGM3, desaturated lipids, phosphatidylserine, and ceramide, Diacyl glycerol, sterols	[10]
Nucleic acids	DNA, RNA	mtDNA, mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNA	[11]
Metabolic products	carboxylic acids, amino acids, sugars, carnitines, biogenic amines,vitamins, cyclic alcohols	Pyruvic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, α-keto glutaric acid	[12]