Table 4.
Physical and biochemical parameters of IF vs. non-intervention diet/CR in women and men.
| No. of studies | SMD/>WMD | 95%CI | p | I2 (%) | Effect–model | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | ||||||
| Weight | 6 | 2.08 | −0.61–4.77 | 0.13 | 22 | Fixed |
| WC | 5 | 1.80 | −1.53–5.13 | 0.29 | 50 | Random |
| FM(kg) | 5 | 3.72 | 0.56–6.87 | 0.02 | 67 | Random |
| FM% | 3 | 0.68 | −1.45–2.80 | 0.53 | 0 | Fixed |
| FFM(kg) | 4 | 1.10 | −0.37–2.57 | 0.14 | 0 | Fixed |
| Glucose | 3 | −0.00 | −0.17–0.17 | 1.00 | 0 | Fixed |
| Insulin | 3 | 0.92 | −0.21–2.06 | 0.11 | 0 | Fixed |
| Male | ||||||
| Weight | 8 | 2.16 | 0.48–3.85 | 0.01 | 29 | Fixed |
| BMI | 4 | 0.97 | 0.23–1.71 | 0.01 | 0 | Fixed |
| FM(kg) | 4 | 0.98 | −0.38–2.35 | 0.16 | 0 | Fixed |
| FM% | 7 | 0.40 | −0.12–0.92 | 0.14 | 0 | Fixed |
| FFM(kg) | 6 | 0.37 | −0.98–1.72 | 0.59 | 0 | Fixed |
| Glucose | 6 | 0.09 | −0.21–0.40 | 0.55 | 0 | Fixed |
| TG | 6 | 0.54 | 0.22–0.86 | <0.001 | 31 | Fixed |
| TC | 6 | 0.15 | −0.16–0.45 | 0.36 | 0 | Fixed |
| LDL | 5 | 0.17 | −0.16–0.49 | 0.32 | 19 | Fixed |
| HDL | 5 | −0.09 | −0.41–0.24 | 0.60 | 0 | Fixed |
CR, calorie restriction; IF, intermittent fasting; BMI: body mass index; WC, waist circumference; FM, fat mass; FFM, fat-free mass; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; SMD, standard mean difference; WMD, weighted mean difference; CI, confidence interval. SMD: glucose (men), TG, TC, and LDL; WMD: weight, BMI, WC, FM (kg), FM%, FFM (kg), glucose (women), and insulin.
Bold indicates statistically significant differences (P < 0.05).