Table 1.

Concomitant conditions that lead to recurrent UTI and recommendations for prevention [145]

Concomitant conditions	Prevention
Postmenopausal	Vaginal estrogen
Intermittent or indwelling urinary catheter	Catheter care, aseptic procedure
Poor bladder emptying	Refer to specialty care to facilitate better bladder emptying
Benign prostatic outlet obstruction	Consider alpha-blockers or 5-alpha reductase inhibitors until transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
Diabetes	Manage hyperglycemia, glucosuria; assess bladder emptying
Advanced uterine prolapse	Surgical correction; vaginal pessary
Enterovesical fistula	Consider suppressive antibiotic until surgical correction
Nephrolithiasis	Consider stone removal, increased fluid intake
Urethral diverticulum	Consider suppressive antibiotic until surgical correction