Table 3.

Mean surface areas (mm²) and standard deviation of mesiolingual canal

	Before instrumentation								After instrumentation							Absolute change
	Coronal third		Middle third			Apical third			Coronal third		Middle third			Apical third		Coronal third		Middle third		Apical third
n = 12	Mean	SD	Mean		SD	Mean		SD	Mean	SD	Mean		SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Group A	0.481	0.086	0.344		0.048	0.098		0.014	0.985	0.148	0.502		0.070	0.193	0.025	0.504	0.068	0.158	0.022	0.095	0.012
Group B	0.488	0.162	0.319		0.078	0.096		0.045	1.409	0.219	0.600		0.146	0.204	0.098	0.922	0.117	0.280	0.071	0.108	0.055
Group C	0.505	0.159	0.322	0.081		0.118	0.050		1.319	0.373	0.600		0.141	0.236	0.052	0.814	0.134	0.278	0.071	0.118	0.049
ANOVA test applied												F				4.18		16.859		1.005
												p				0.0105 (S)		0.00 (S)		0.16 (NS)

p < 0.05 = Significant (S= significant; NS= nonsignificant)