Figure 3.

Detection of DNA fragmentation by the TUNEL assay. (A–F) TUNEL assay of leaves in WT (A–C) and lmpa mutant (D–F). (G–L) TUNEL assay of apical spikelet hull cells in WT (G–I) and in lmpa (J–L). (M–R) TUNEL assay of apical spikelet anthers in WT (M–O) and in lmpa (P–R). TUNEL-positive signals are indicated by the green fluorescence of fluorescein, and nuclei fluoresce deep red signals due to counterstaining with DAPI. le, lemma; pa, palea; C, connective tissue; V, vascular bundle cells; T, tapetum. Bars = 20 μm in (A–L), 50 μm in (M–R).