Table 2.
Changes in microbiota composition associated with HCC in human studies
| Models | Disease | Implicated microbiota | Reference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | HCC | Escherichia coli ↑ | [34] | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Human | HCC | Ddys ↑, Proteobacteria ↑, Desulfococcus ↑, Enterobacter ↑, Prevotella ↑, Veillonella ↑, Cetobacterium ↓ | [35] | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Human | PLC | Enterobacter ludwigii ↑, Enterococcaceae ↑, Lactobacillales ↑, Bacilli ↑, Gammaproteobacteria ↑, Veillonella ↑, diversity of firmicutes ↓, firmicutes/bacteroidetes ↓, Clostridia ↓, Subdoligranulum ↓ | [36] | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Human | HCC | Bacteroides ↑, Akkermansia ↓, Bifidobacterium ↓ | [37] | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Human | PLC | Altered gut microbiota | [38] | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Human | HCC | Neisseria ↑, Enterobacteriaceae ↑, Veillonella ↑, Limnobacter ↑, Enterococcus ↓, Phyllobacterium ↓, Clostridium ↓, Ruminococcus ↓, Coprococcus ↓ | [39] | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Human | HCC | Gut microbial α-diversity ↓, Proteobacteria ↑, Enterobacteriaceae ↑, Bacteroides xylanisolvens ↑, B. caecimuris ↑, Ruminococcus gnavus ↑, Clostridium bolteae ↑, Veillonella parvula ↑, Oscillospiraceae ↓, Erysipelotrichaceae ↓ | [40] | ||||||
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| |||||||||
| Human | HCC | Klebsiella ↑, Haemophilus ↑, Alistipes ↓, Phascolarctobacterium ↓, Ruminococcus ↓ | [3] | ||||||
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| |||||||||
Ddys, degree of dysbiosis; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; STZ-HFD, streptozotocin-high fat diet.