Table 4.
Validity of wearables separated by dimensions and age groups
| Wearable | Early years (infants, preschoolers; <6 years) | School-aged children (6–12 years) | Adolescents (≥13 years) | |||||||
| Bio | Pos/AT | Int | Bio | Pos/AT | Int | Bio | Pos/AT† | Int‡ | ||
| Uniaxial accelerometer | Actical | ↑ | ↑, ↔ | |||||||
| ActiGraph AM7164 | ↔, ↓ | ↔, ↓; ↓ | ||||||||
| ActiGraph GT1M | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↔, ↓ | ↑ | ||||
| Actimaker EW4800P | ↔ | |||||||||
| ActiTrainer | ↑ | |||||||||
| Actiwatch activity monitor | ↑ | |||||||||
| Actiwatch spectrum | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||||
| Actiwatch-L | ↔ | ↑ | ||||||||
| Actiwatch 64 | ↓ | |||||||||
| Caltrac | ↔, ↓ | |||||||||
| CSA Accelerometer | ↑, ↑ | |||||||||
| Motionlogger Sleepwatch | ↔ | |||||||||
| New Lifestyle 1000 | ↑, ↓ | |||||||||
| Omron HJ-151 | ↑ | |||||||||
| Polar Active Watch | ↔ | |||||||||
| Biaxial accelerometer | Actiwatch-2 | ↑, ↓ | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| Omron HJ-720IT-E2 | ↑ | |||||||||
| SenseWear Pro2 | ↔ | |||||||||
| SenseWear Pro3 | ↔, ↔ | ↓ | ||||||||
| Triaxial accelerometer | 3dNX model v2 | ↑ | ||||||||
| 3dNX model v3 | ↑ | |||||||||
| ActiGraph GT3X | ↔ | ↑, ↔ | ||||||||
| ActiGraph GT3X+ | ↑ | ↑, ↔ | ↔, ↓ | ↑, ↑, ↓ | ↔ | ↓ | ||||
| ActiGraph GT9X | ↔, ↓ | |||||||||
| Actiheart | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||||
| ActivPAL | ↑, ↑, ↓ | |||||||||
| Axivity AX3 | ↑ | |||||||||
| Dynaport ADL Monitor | ↑ | |||||||||
| Fitbit Charge HR | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||||
| Fitbit Flex | ↔ | |||||||||
| Fitbit Zip | ↔, ↔ | |||||||||
| Garmin Vivofit 1 | ↑ | |||||||||
| GENEActiv | ↔, ↓ | ↔ | ||||||||
| Kenz Lifecorder | ↑ | |||||||||
| MovBand Model 2 | ↔ | |||||||||
| Omron HJA-350IT | ↑ | |||||||||
| Polar Loop | ↓ | |||||||||
| RT3 | ↔ | |||||||||
| SCA3000 | ↑ | |||||||||
| SenseWear Mini | ↔ | |||||||||
| Sqord | ↑ | |||||||||
| Tracmor2 | ↑ | |||||||||
| TracmorD | ↑ | |||||||||
| Tritrac-R3D | ↑, ↑, ↓ | |||||||||
| Wristband | ↑ | |||||||||
| Yamasa EX-200 | ↑ | |||||||||
| Zamzee | ↔ | |||||||||
| Accelerometer | Polar A370 | ↑ | ↑ | |||||||
| Pedometer | Walk4Life MVP | ↑, ↔ | ||||||||
| Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 | ↑, ↓ | ↑, ↑, ↔, ↔ | ||||||||
| Yamax Digi-Walker SW-701 | ↑ | |||||||||
↑ denotes moderate to strong validity; ↔ indicates mixed validity; ↓ indicates poor/weak validity.
bio., biological state; int, intensity; Pos/AT, posture/activity type.