Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for the 2007 sample
| Variables | Obs | Mean | Std Dev. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 4757 | ||
| Outcomes | |||
| Delivery care by physician/nurse (1)+ | 0.80 | 0.40 | |
| Number of antenatal care visits | 6.44 | 2.79 | |
| Covariates | |||
| Individual characteristics | |||
| Age (in years) | 29.43 | 5.83 | |
| Age groups | |||
| 15–19 years+ | 0.05 | 0.21 | |
| 20–24 years+ | 0.11 | 0.32 | |
| 25–35 years+ | 0.69 | 0.46 | |
| 36–49 years+ | 0.15 | 0.36 | |
| Married+ | 0.89 | 0.31 | |
| Women working (2)+ | 0.10 | 0.31 | |
| Indigenous self-identity (head of household) (3)+ | 0.27 | 0.40 | |
| Health complications during delivery+ | 0.31 | 0.46 | |
| Health complications during pregnancy+ | 0.54 | 0.50 | |
| Education level: | |||
| No education+ | 0.002 | 0.05 | |
| Elementary school+ | 0.68 | 0.47 | |
| Middle school+ | 0.26 | 0.44 | |
| University/technical+ | 0.06 | 0.24 | |
| Household characteristics | |||
| Access to any public health insurance+ | 0.47 | 0.50 | |
| Socio-economic level approximate by asset index | |||
| Socio-economic level 1+ | 0.34 | 0.47 | |
| Socio-economic level 2+ | 0.34 | 0.47 | |
| Socio-economic level 3+ | 0.32 | 0.47 | |
| Benefited by Oportunidades programme+ | 0.63 | 0.48 | |
| Benefited by Oportunidades and indigenous | 0.18 | 0.36 | |
| Locality characteristics | |||
| Quality of health units | |||
| Low quality+ | 0.10 | 0.30 | |
| Middle-low quality+ | 0.38 | 0.48 | |
| Middle-high quality+ | 0.41 | 0.49 | |
| High quality+ | 0.11 | 0.31 | |
| With a health centre+ | 0.66 | 0.48 | |
| With a traditional midwife+ | 0.22 | 0.41 | |
| Benefited by Oportunidades since (4) | |||
| 1998+ | 0.36 | 0.48 | |
| 2000+ | 0.25 | 0.43 | |
| 2003–07+ | 0.39 | 0.35 | |
| Grade of deprivation (5) | |||
| Low+ | 0.08 | 0.27 | |
| Middle+ | 0.16 | 0.37 | |
| High+ | 0.76 | 0.43 |
Notes:+ Dummy variable: Yes = 1; No = 0.
(1) Dummy = 1 if women’s delivery was attended by a physician/nurse and = 0 if attended by a traditional midwife.
(2) Dummy = 1 if the woman was working at the time of the interview, = 0 otherwise.
(3) Dummy = 1 if women identify themselves as indigenous, = 0 otherwise.
(4) Dummies indicating the year of incorporation of the locality to the Oportunidades programme.
(5) Dummies indicating the grade of deprivation taking into account variables such as employment, public services availability, infrastructure, socio-economic characteristics, educational levels at locality level.