Table 3.

Daytime Functioning and Association with Total Time in Bed, Bedtime, and ADS Use (H2)

	CG daytime fatigue	PLWD daytime BPSD
Variable	Estimate (SE)	Estimate (SE)
Intercept	0.681 (1.491)	−1.794 (6.817)
Within-person predictor
CG daily TIB	−0.172 (0.045)***	−0.210 (0.140)
× ADS use yesterdaya	0.234 (0.051)***	—
CG daily TIB-squared	0.020 (0.014)	0.016 (0.051)
CG daily bedtime	−0.041 (0.049)	−0.109 (0.184)
PLWD daily TIB	−0.031 (0.031)	−0.250 (0.115)*
PLWD daily TIB-squared	0.000 (0.011)	0.012 (0.040)
PLWD daily bedtime	0.026 (0.046)	−0.250 (0.174)
PLWD overnight sleep problems	0.232 (0.057)***	0.865 (0.218)***
PLWD overnight BPSD	0.039 (0.019)*	0.597 (0.073)***
ADS use todaya	0.037 (0.064)	−1.622 (0.242)***
ADS use yesterdaya	0.030 (0.053)	0.083 (0.200)
Between-person predictor
CG average TIB	0.003 (0.089)	1.059 (0.406)*
CG average bedtime	0.153 (0.091)	0.766 (0.419)
CG TIB variationb	0.224 (0.209)	0.260 (0.956)
CG bedtime variationb	−0.210 (0.237)	−0.335 (1.085)
PLWD average TIB	−0.028 (0.070)	−0.330 (0.321)
PLWD average bedtime	0.002 (0.093)	−0.791 (0.426)
PLWD TIB variationb	0.029 (0.140)	−0.103 (0.636)
PLWD bedtime variationb	−0.075 (0.187)	−0.101 (0.855)
−2 Log Likelihood	2,684.8	5,322.1
AIC/BIC	2,688.8/2,695.1	5,326.1/5,332.4

Notes. Day N = 1,359 (based on 173 caregivers). ADS = adult day services. CG = caregiver. PLWD = person living with dementia. TIB = total time in bed, measured by hours elapsed between self-reported bedtime last night and wakeup time on the day. BPSD = behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia. AIC = Akaike information criterion. BIC = Bayesian information criterion. All daily variables were within-person centered. Non-significant demographic characteristics were trimmed off, including CG age, gender, spouse and adult children relationship, and education, PLWD gender, and duration of care. Two-way interactions were trimmed, if non-significant.

^a1 = use and 0 = nonuse.

^bWithin-person variability around the mean (i.e., iSD).

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.