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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 21.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Cell. 2021 Sep 3;81(20):4116–4136. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.036

Figure 4. Underlying principles relevant for several techniques.

Figure 4.

(A) Enrichment of modified RNA by IP.

(B) Use of reader proteins to target or enrich for modified RNA. Active moieties can be fused to the reader protein to act as an epitope tag for enrichment or to further modify the RNA.

(C) Differential enzyme activity/chemical reactivity as a result of modification.

(D) Induction of RT stops or mutations by modified bases.

(E) Covalent trapping of RNA-modifying enzymes.

(F) Further chemical modification of RNA to alter base-pairing, to alter susceptibility to further modification, or to protect the RNA from digestion.