Table 4.
Pain and Health-Related Quality of Life Measurement
| Variable | Total (N=69) | Age 40–49 Years (N=24, 34.8%) | Age ≥50 Years (N=45, 65.2%) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure from initial survey | ||||
| Satisfied bleeding treatment | 8.8 (2.0) | 8.7 (2.2) | 8.9 (1.9) | 0.71 |
| Covariate adjusted satisfied bleeding treatment | NA | 9.2 (0.8) | 9.2 (0.9) | 0.99 |
| Daily pain level in general | 3.5 (2.4) | 3.0 (2.2) | 3.8 (2.6) | 0.19 |
| Covariate adjusted daily pain level in general | NA | 1.4 (0.9) | 2.7 (1.1) | 0.10 |
| Pain related to acute bleeding rating | 2.4 (3.2) | 2.3 (3.3) | 2.5 (3.1) | 0.73 |
| Covariate adjusted pain related to acute bleeding rating | NA | 1.4 (1.3) | 2.1 (1.5) | 0.50 |
| EQ VAS | 70.54 (19.75) | 73.74 (17.80) | 68.79 (20.73) | 0.34 |
| Covariate adjusted EQ VASb | NA | 81.63 (7.66) | 73.67 (8.74) | 0.21 |
| EQ-5D index score | 0.74 (0.18) | 0.78 (0.16) | 0.72 (0.19) | 0.13 |
| Covariate adjusted EQ-5D index scoreb | NA | 0.89 (0.06) | 0.77 (0.07) | 0.02 |
| Measure from follow up survey | Total (N=57) | Age 40–49 years (N=20, 35.1%) | Age ≥ 50 years (N=37, 64.9%) | P Valuea |
| Satisfied bleeding treatment | 8.4 (2.2) | 8.7 (2.0) | 8.2 (2.3) | 0.37 |
| Covariate adjusted satisfied bleeding treatment | NA | 9.3 (0.96) | 8.6 (1.0) | 0.39 |
| Daily pain level in general | 3.8 (2.6) | 3.2 (2.5) | 4.1 (2.6) | 0.23 |
| Covariate adjusted daily pain level in general | NA | 1.8 (1.0) | 2.9 (1.1) | 0.19 |
| Pain related to acute bleeding rating | 2.8 (3.1) | 2.2 (3.2) | 3.1 (3.1) | 0.30 |
| Covariate adjusted pain related to acute bleeding rating | NA | 1.4 (1.3) | 2.1 (1.5) | 0.50 |
| EQ VAS | 68.55 (19.78) | 76.11 (15.35) | 64.68 (20.84) | 0.04 |
| Covariate adjusted EQ VASb | NA | 82.46 (7.13) | 68.62 (7.81) | 0.03 |
| EQ-5D index score | 0.75 (0.20) | 0.79 (0.18) | 0.73 (0.21) | 0.22 |
| Covariate adjusted EQ-5D index scoreb | NA | 0.89 (0.07) | 0.78 (0.08) | 0.07 |
Notes: Data were presented as mean (standard deviation), or covariate adjusted mean (standard error). Covariate adjusted mean and standard error were obtained from general linear regression models least squares means, which computed for each age group appropriately adjusted for the covariate effect in the general linear models. aP values were calculated from t-tests or general linear regression models type III model test. bCovariates include education, employment, marital status, used prophylactic treatment, hemophilia severity, self-reported joint problems.
Abbreviations: N, number; EQ VAS, EuroQol visual analogue scale; NA, not apply.