Figure 3.

Effect of glabralactone on LPS-stimulated NF-κB transcriptional activity. (a) SEAP-RAW cells were stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL). After 16 h of glabralactone treatment, the supernatants were analyzed. The values are expressed as the mean ± SD. ^∗p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. (b) Effects of glabralactone on the degradation of IκB-α and on the expression of NF-κB subunits in the nucleus. RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with glabralactone for 30 min and stimulated with LPS for 30 min. The extracted proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. Data are representative of three separate experiments. β-Actin was used as an internal standard. (c) Effects of glabralactone on the LPS-stimulated NF-κB DNA-binding activity. Cells were stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 1.5 h in the presence of glabralactone, and the isolated nuclear extracts were analyzed for NF-κB DNA-binding activity. The values are expressed as the means ± SD. (left for p50, right for p65). Glabralactone was dissolved in 100% DMSO, and the final concentration of DMSO was adjusted to 0.1%.