Fig. 7. Spearman rank correlation estimates and corresponding 95% CIs between tSDS (SDS aligned with height-increasing alleles) and absolute height Z scores.

Positive correlations indicate evidence of historical positive selection on height-increasing alleles. The pooled estimate is a meta-analysis of the correlation estimates from the individual studies shown above while the European meta-analysis estimate is the correlation estimate using the meta-analysis GWAS data. The number of individuals in the meta-analysis estimate was n = 149,174 with the sample sizes for the displayed individual studies ranging from n = 40,068 in UK Biobank to 4,708 in the Netherlands Twin Register. Further information on available height data in each phenotype is contained in Supplementary Table 1. QIMR, Queensland Institute of Medical Research.