Table 4.
The incidence of elevated expression of of urinary NGAL in children from CKDu endemic, emerging and non-endemic regions in Sri Lanka.
| Age group | RI35 | Endemic | Emerging | Non-endemic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NT | NGAL > RI N (%) |
NT | NGAL > RI N (%) |
NT | NGAL > RI N (%) |
||
| Boys | |||||||
| 10.0–12.9 | 3.748 | 4 | 3 (0.92)† | 0 | 0 (0.00) | 31 | 14 (8.54) |
| 13.0–13.9 | 2.966 | 55 | 34 (10.40)⁑ | 39 | 7 (2.24)† | 22 | 16 (9.76) |
| 14.0–14.9 | 3.299 | 46 | 22 (6.73) | 42 | 20 (6.39) | 18 | 12 (7.32) |
| 15.0–15.9 | 3.278 | 41 | 11 (3.36)⁑ | 51 | 31 (9.90) | 11 | 8 (4.88) |
| 16.0–17.9 | 4.851 | 4 | 1 (0.31) | 8 | 5 (1.60) | 4 | 3 (1.83) |
| 10.0–17.9 | 150 | 71 (21.71)† | 140 | 63 (20.13)† | 86 | 53 (32.32) | |
| Girls | |||||||
| 10.0–12.9 | 3.146 | 1 | 1 (0.31)† | 0 | 0 (0.00) | 27 | 10 (6.10) |
| 13.0–13.9 | 2.085 | 45 | 34 (10.40)⁑ | 59 | 13 (4.15) | 17 | 9 (5.49) |
| 14.0–14.9 | 3.128 | 64 | 34 (10.40)† | 57 | 27 (8.63) | 15 | 8 (4.88) |
| 15.0–15.9 | 2.984 | 53 | 19 (5.81)⁑ | 52 | 33 (10.54)† | 15 | 7 (4.27) |
| 16.0–17.9 | 3.496 | 14 | 6 (1.83) | 5 | 3 (0.96) | 4 | 3 (1.83) |
| 10.0–17.9 | 177 | 94 (28.75) | 173 | 76 (24.28) | 78 | 37 (22.56) | |
| Overall | 327 | 165 (50.46) | 313 | 139 (44.41) | 164 | 90 (54.87) | |
| Extreme elevations (NGAL > 97.5th quantile of RI) | |||||||
| Boys | 150 | 4 (1.22) | 140 | 3 (0.96) | 86 | 0 (0) | |
| Girls | 177 | 5 (1.55) | 173 | 3(0.96) | 78 | 0 (0) | |
| Overall | 327 | 9 (2.73)† | 313 | 6 (1.92) | 174 | 0 (0) | |
The reference interval and the median NGAL of each age stratum are given for each age group.
The number of children in each age stratum with urinary NGAL levels above the RI (50th quantile at 90% CI) given in the previous study35, for that particular age group is given as N along with its percentage with respect to the total size of the respective study group, endemic, emerging or non-endemic. Similarly, the number of children with urinary KIM-1 levels above the 97.5th quantile of RI are given as extreme elevations. Comparison of proportions of children above the RI is expressed according to Chi-squared test and for the age strata with (N < 20), Fisher's exact test was used for comparison. ⁑Denotes significance compared to the counterparts of same age in emerging group (p < 0.05) and †denotes significance compared to the counterparts of same age in non-endemic group.
RI reference intervals of biomarkers, NT total number of children in an age stratum within the study group, NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.