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. 2022 May 16;12:8040. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-10874-w

Table 5.

ACR-based stratification of the potential risk of renal injury and the related incidence in children from CKDu endemic, emerging, and non-endemic regions.

Residential CKDu prevalence Gender N Albuminuric
(ACR ≥ 30 mg/g)
Incidence (%)
Nonalbuminuric
(ACR < 30 mg/g)
Incidence (%)

Endemic

(N = 327)

Boys 150 2 (0.6) 148 (45.3)
Girls 177 4 (1.2) 173 (52.9)

Emerging

(N = 313)

Boys 140 1 (0.3) 139 (44.4)
Girls 173 3 (1.0) 170 (54.3)

Non-endemic

(N = 164)

Boys 86 1 (0.6) 85 (51.8)
Girls 78 1 (0.6) 77 (47.0)

The incidence is given as the number and percent of the total size of the study group in the respective region; CKDu endemic, emerging or non-endemic.

ACR albumin creatinine ratio.