Table 4.
Factors associated with membership in low and moderate health-related quality of life profiles using multinomial logistic regression (n = 703) (The full regression model adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, sex, body mass index, marital status, educational attainment, survey language, geographic region, employment status, health coverage, smoking status, cancer type, geographic region, stage at diagnosis, reported ever receiving chemotherapy, ability to find companionship, financial well-being, spirituality and comorbidities including a history of heart-related conditions, asthma or COPD, depression or anxiety, or sleep disturbance condition. Only variables statistically associated (p < .05) with the outcome (HRQOL profile) are presented in this table.)
| Variable (*denotes reference category) | Comparator vs reference HRQOL profile | Adjusted odds ratio (95% Wald CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis (per 5-year increase) | Moderate vs high | 0.97 (0.87, 1.08) |
| Low vs high | 0.83 (0.72, 0.95) | |
| Low vs moderate | 0.86 (0.77, 0.96) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic vs non-Hispanic White* | Moderate vs high | 0.95 (0.48, 1.87) |
| Low vs high | 2.36 (1.00, 5.54) | |
| Low vs moderate | 2.50 (1.24, 5.04) | |
| Asian vs non-Hispanic White* | Moderate vs high | 1.55 (0.78, 3.06) |
| Low vs high | 2.81 (1.11, 7.09) | |
| Low vs moderate | 1.82 (0.85, 3.88) | |
| Black vs non-Hispanic White* | Moderate vs high | 1.77 (0.94, 3.33) |
| Low vs high | 3.41 (1.54, 7.56) | |
| Low vs moderate | 1.93 (1.04, 3.57) | |
| Sex | ||
| Female vs male | Moderate vs high | 1.57 (1.01, 2.43) |
| Low vs high | 2.30 (1.29, 4.10) | |
| Low vs moderate | 1.46 (0.91, 2.35) | |
| Educational attainment | ||
| Less than high school vs college or graduate degree* | Moderate vs high | 0.59 (0.28, 1.23) |
| Low vs high | 1.76 (0.70, 4.41) | |
| Low vs moderate | 2.98 (1.44, 6.16) | |
| High school or some college vs college or graduate degree* | Moderate vs high | 0.79 (0.47, 1.31) |
| Low vs high | 1.03 (0.51, 2.07) | |
| Low vs moderate | 1.31 (0.74, 2.31) | |
| Current employment status | ||
| Not working vs working* | Moderate vs high | 1.97 (1.20, 3.25) |
| Low vs high | 4.04 (2.07, 7.89) | |
| Low vs moderate | 2.05 (1.18, 3.55) | |
| Insurance | ||
| Government/no insurance vs private or private + government)* | Moderate vs high | 1.85 (1.12, 3.08) |
| Low vs high | 1.09 (0.57, 2.09) | |
| Low vs moderate | 0.59 (0.35, 0.97) | |
| Cancer type | ||
| Rectal cancer vs colon cancer* | Moderate vs high | 0.79 (0.49, 1.30) |
| Low vs high | 1.74 (0.95, 3.21) | |
| Low vs moderate | 2.20 (1.34, 3.61) | |
| History of heart-related conditions | ||
| Yes vs no* | Moderate vs high | 1.52 (0.79, 2.93) |
| Low vs high | 4.17 (1.90, 9.13) | |
| Low vs moderate | 2.74 (1.52, 4.95) | |
| History of anxiety or depression | ||
| Yes vs no* | Moderate vs high | 5.04 (2.21, 11.51) |
| Low vs high | 8.24 (3.38, 20.13) | |
| Low vs moderate | 1.63 (1.00, 2.68) | |
| History of sleep disturbance condition | ||
| Yes vs no* | Moderate vs high | 3.35 (1.32, 8.50) |
| Low vs high | 9.88 (3.50, 27.92) | |
| Low vs moderate | 2.95 (1.58, 5.53) | |
| Received chemotherapy (self-reported) | ||
| Yes vs no* | Moderate vs high | 2.29 (1.24, 4.24) |
| Low vs high | 8.12 (3.47, 18.98) | |
| Low vs moderate | 3.55 (1.75, 7.18) | |
| Financial well-being [14] (per ½ SD increase) | ||
| Moderate vs high | 0.84 (0.74, 0.94) | |
| Low vs high | 0.83 (0.71, 0.96) | |
| Low vs moderate | 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) | |
| Spirituality (FACIT-SP) [22] (per ½ SD increase) | ||
| Moderate vs high | 0.76 (0.66, 0.88) | |
| Low vs high | 0.51 (0.43, 0.61) | |
| Low vs moderate | 0.67 (0.59, 0.77) |
The sample size was 703 (out of 909) due to missing values for some covariates. In a separate model including only the statistically significant variables that are shown in this table, the sample size was 795. In this model, there were no changes in the variables that were significantly associated with HRQOL profile membership