a,b) Smartphone‐based microscopy for virus disease diagnostics. a) Overview of the smartphone‐based microscopy utilizing quantum dot barcodes. The assay involves the addition of patient samples to a chip coated with microbeads and related optical principles. Reproduced with permission.[
149
] Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society. b) SPIR microscopy and schematic of the experimental setup. Reproduced with permission.[
150
] Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. c–e) Smartphone integrated with other types of biosensors for virus disease diagnostics. c) 3D schematic of the CNN‐nanoparticle‐enabled smartphone for virus detection. Reproduced with permission.[
152
] Copyright 2020, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). d) Image of GMR nanosensor chip on PCB, and essential components of the redesigned Eigen diagnosis platform. Reproduced with permission.[
153
] Copyright 2019, Elsevier. e) Wearable RPA sensing system for rapid detection of HIV‐1 DNA is consisted of a fluorescence image box and PDMS‐based flexible chips. Reproduced with permission.[
155
] Copyright 2019, Elsevier.