Figure 2.

Schematic drawing of the glymphatic system. The glymphatic system may consist of the following three principal segments (1) a para-arterial CSF influx, (2) an astrocyte end-foot water channel protein AQP4 mediated convection of CSF and ISF, and (3) a para-venous ISF efflux. Neuronal metabolites are carried into the perivascular space and drain through the meningeal lymphatic vessels and soft tissues surrounding the skull to the cervical and nasal lymph nodes and are eventually removed from the general circulation. Adapted with permission from Nedergaard (2).