Table 1.
Study and intervention characteristics (N=52).
| Study and intervention characteristics | Number of studies, n (%a) | |
| Study location | ||
|
|
Canada | 30 (58) |
|
|
United States | 6 (12) |
|
|
United Kingdom | 4 (8) |
|
|
Australia | 2 (4) |
|
|
Iran | 2 (4) |
|
|
Argentina | 1 (2) |
|
|
Burkina Faso | 1 (2) |
|
|
Germany | 1 (2) |
|
|
Indonesia | 1 (2) |
|
|
Netherlands | 1 (2) |
|
|
Sweden | 1 (2) |
|
|
Canada and Vietnam | 1 (2) |
|
|
China-Brazil-France-Mali-Canada-Japan | 1 (2) |
| Study design | ||
|
|
Mixed methods study | 24 (46) |
|
|
Cross-sectional study | 9 (17) |
|
|
Baseline and follow-up or before-after or comparative study | 7 (13) |
|
|
Randomized trial | 4 (8) |
|
|
Quasi-experimental study | 3 (6) |
|
|
Validation study | 2 (4) |
|
|
Cohort study | 2 (4) |
|
|
Intervention study | 1 (2) |
| Clinical setting | ||
|
|
Multicenter academic hospitals | 3 (6) |
|
|
Multicenter community hospitals | 11 (21) |
|
|
Multicenter both academic and community | 11 (21) |
|
|
Single-center academic hospital | 4 (8) |
|
|
Single-center community hospital | 5 (10) |
|
|
Not a clinical setting | 13 (25) |
|
|
Not reported or not applicable | 5 (10) |
| Type of CPDb activities | ||
|
|
Course or workshop | 31 (60) |
|
|
Conference | 1 (2) |
|
|
Otherc CPD activities | 4 (8) |
|
|
No activity pertaining to CPDd | 3 (6) |
|
|
Not specified or not applicable | 13 (25) |
| CPD activity Format | ||
|
|
Web-based | 34 (65) |
|
|
In person | 13 (25) |
|
|
Not specified | 5 (10) |
| Version of questionnaire used | ||
|
|
Adapted | 18 (35) |
|
|
Original | 31 (60) |
|
|
Not specified | 3 (6) |
| When CPD-REACTION was used | ||
|
|
Preactivity | 6 (12) |
|
|
Postactivity | 11 (21) |
|
|
Pre- and postactivity | 16 (31) |
|
|
Not specified or not applicable | 19 (37) |
| Delivery mode of CPD-REACTION questionnaire | ||
|
|
Digital platform or web-based | 19 (37) |
|
|
Web-based and paper | 1 (2) |
|
|
Paper copy | 16 (31) |
|
|
Not specified | 16 (31) |
| Language of CPD questionnaire used | ||
|
|
Dutch | 1 (2) |
|
|
Spanish | 1 (2) |
|
|
English | 28 (54) |
|
|
French | 14 (27) |
|
|
English and French | 3 (6) |
|
|
Not reported | 5 (10) |
| Type of CPD provider | ||
|
|
Government | 1 (2) |
|
|
Hospital | 13 (25) |
|
|
Private company | 6 (12) |
|
|
University | 22 (42) |
|
|
Not specified or not applicable | 7 (19) |
aAll percentages may not add up to 100%.
bCPD: continuing professional development.
cTraining or workshop combined with activities such as face-to-face meetings, media interviews, minutes documenting interactions, conferenced meetings, annual national collaboration meeting, and team meeting to watch video.
dGuidelines application, outreach sessions.