Table 1. Optimization Studies of Ullmann Coupling.
| entry | CuI (mol %) | surfactant | isolated yield (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | TPGS-750-M | 91 |
| 2 | 10 | TPGS-750-M | >99 |
| 3 | 5 | none; on water | 73 |
| 4 | 10 | none; on water | 82 |
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