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. 2022 May 16;14:63. doi: 10.1186/s13148-022-01282-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Cognitive and psychosocial genes affected by folic acid supplementation form two groups based on DNA methylation distribution. A Genes from the GO categories highlighted in italics in Table 2 were characterised using CandiMeth. The genes could be seen to fall into two groups based on absolute levels of DNA methylation across the promoter and GB in normal (placebo) CB. Group I (yellow/green) showed a bimodal pattern of low promoter and high GB methylation levels, often with a promoter CGI; Group II (blue/orange) were not bimodal and usually had no promoter CGI. The index genes investigated earlier are shown at right for comparison. B FA supplementation more often affects GB methylation among these cognitive and psychosocial genes. Mean methylation difference is calculated from the mean percentage methylation of the placebo and the FA group. C CB methylation levels are strongly correlated with the 3rd trimester methylation level of the gene used in this paper. DNA methylation of genes discussed in the paper compared in 2 data sets: CB (this study) and the 3rd trimester brain (GSE58885). The line of the best fit shows strong correlation (R = 0.746175). Note that many of the outlier genes belong to group II