Table 4.
PCR detection of ESBL- and carbapenemase-encoding genes among Enterobacterales and glucose-nonfermenters clinical isolates
| Class | Gene | Enterobacterales isolates (n=155/504; 30.8%) | Glucose non-fermenters (n=38/82; 46.3%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. coli (61; 39.4%) | K. pneumoniae (82; 52.9%) | E. cloacae (12; 7.7%) | P. aeruginosa (15; 39.5%) | A. baumannii (23; 60.5%) | ||
| ESBLs | blaCTX-M | 23 (37.7%) | 21 (25.6%) | 8 (66.6%) | 3 (20%) | 5 (21.7%) |
| blaSHV | 8 (13.1%) | 29 (35.3%) | 2 (16.6%) | 2 (13.3%) | 1 (4.3%) | |
| blaTEM | 10 (16.4%) | 12 (14.6%) | 2 (16.6) | 9 (75%) | 14 (60.8%) | |
| blaCTX-M, blaSHV | 8 (13.1%) | 14 (17.0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.3%) | |
| blaCTX-M, blaTEM, | 7 (11.4%) | 5 (6.1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (6.6%) | 2 (8.6%) | |
| blaSHV, blaTEM | 5 (8.1%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Class | Gene | Enterobacterales isolates (n=105/187; 56.1%) | Glucose non-fermenters (n=36/82; 43.9%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. coli (33/187; 17.6%) | K. pneumoniae (49/187; 26.2%) | E. cloacae (23/187; 12.3%) | P. aeruginosa (27/187; 14.4%) | A. baumannii (55/187; 29.4%) | ||
| CR | blaKPC | 0 (0%) | 2 (4.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| blaIMP | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| blaVIM | 5 (15.1%) | 5 (10.2%) | 1 (4.3%) | 6 (22.2%) | 16 (29.0%) | |
| blaNDM | 7 (21.2%) | 25 (51.0%) | 2 (8.6%) | 3 (11.1%) | 3 (5.4%) | |
| blaOXA | 21 (63.6%) | 17 (34.6%) | 20 (86.9%) | 18 (66.6%) | 36 (65.5%) | |
blaCTX-m: gene coding for cefotaxime (CTX-M) extended-spectrum β-lactamase, blaTEM: gene coding for TEM extended-spectrum β-lactamase, blaSHV: gene coding for SHV extended-spectrum β-lactamase, blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaOXA-48 and blaIMP: gene codes for KPC, NDM, VIM, OXA-48-like, and IMP carbapenemases, respectively.
ESBLs – extended-spectrum β–lactamases; CR – carbapenem-resistant.