Table 4.
Bone turnover markers among Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications participants and controls
| Bone turnover markers | Participants | Controls | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | LSM,a 95% CI | n | LSM,a 95% CI | P-valueb | P-valuec | |
| Serum calcium, mg/dL | 221 | 9.0 (9.0, 9.1) | 103 | 9.1 (9.0, 9.2) | 0.025 | 0.018 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 221 | 3.7 (3.6, 3.7) | 103 | 3.9 (3.9, 4.0) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Corrected serum calcium, mg/dL | 221 | 9.3 (9.2, 9.4) | 103 | 9.2 (9.1, 9.3) | 0.104 | 0.153 |
| Serum phosphorus, mg/dL | 219 | 3.6 (3.5, 3.6) | 102 | 3.5 (3.5, 3.6) | 0.803 | 0.883 |
| Parathyroid hormone intact, pg/mL | 231 | 42.3 (39.2, 45.5) | 104 | 43.3 (40.8, 45.9) | 0.628 | 0.500 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ng/mL | 232 | 35.5 (33.3, 37.6) | 104 | 34.7 (32.3, 37.1) | 0.639 | 0.826 |
| 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, pg/mL | 225 | 43.5 (41.6, 45.5) | 101 | 45.5 (43.3, 47.7) | 0.182 | 0.193 |
| PINP, ng/mL | 230 | 52.7 (48.9, 56.5) | 104 | 59.1 (55.2, 63.0) | 0.020 | 0.030 |
| Bone ALP, U/L | 232 | 20.6 (19.6, 21.6) | 104 | 19.9 (18.6, 21.1) | 0.307 | 0.252 |
| sCTX, pg/mL | 232 | 308.7 (280.4, 337.1) | 104 | 434.1 (401.1, 467.1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| TRACP5b, U/L | 232 | 3.2 (3.0, 3.4) | 104 | 2.8 (2.6, 3.0) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Sclerostin, pg/mL | 232 | 164.5 (155.0, 173.9) | 104 | 112.1 (102.8, 121.3) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| IGF-1, ng/mL | 232 | 74.9 (70.9, 79.0) | 104 | 113.0 (107.3, 118.6) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| IGFBP-1/1000, ng/mL | 231 | 59.3 (52.2, 66.5) | 104 | 12.3 (10.2, 14.5) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| IGFBP-3, ng/mL | 232 | 2550.2 (2426.5, 2673.8) | 104 | 3786.6 (3629.0, 3944.2) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: bone ALP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; EDIC, Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; IGFBP-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3; LSM, least square mean; PINP, procollagen 1 intact N-terminal propeptide; sCTX, serum C-telopeptide; TRACP5b, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b.
aAdjusted for age, sex and menopause.
bCompared between EDIC participants and control and was based on generalized linear models with repeated measures of pairs data adjusting for age, sex, and menopause.
cCompared between EDIC participants and controls and was based on generalized linear models with repeated measures of pairs data adjusting for age, sex, menopause, eGFR, and the medication use of oral glucocorticoid and thiazide diuretic.