Table 1.

The demographic characteristics of samples.

Characteristics of respondents		N	%	Characteristics of respondents		N	%
Gender	Male	267	67.4%	Monthly income	Less than ¥ 3000	109	27.5%
	Female	129	32.6%		¥ 3001–5000	167	42.2%
Age	Under 20	102	25.8%		¥ 5001–10000	91	23.0%
	20–29	213	53.8%		Over ¥ 10,000	29	7.3%
	30–39	69	17.4%	Hotel size	2–19 employees	108	27.2%
	40–49	12	3.0%		20–200 employees	205	51.8%
Education	Junior high school and below	63	15.9%		Over 200 employees	83	21%
	Senior high school	146	36.9%	Job level	Frontline employees	230	58.1%
	College or university graduates	177	44.7%		First-line managers	93	23.5%
	Post-graduates	10	2.5%		Middle managers	59	14.9%
Department	Front office	83	21%		Top managers	14	3.5%
	Housekeeping	45	11.4%	Work Experience	Within six months	153	38.6%
	Food and Beverage	157	39.6%		Six months–one year	83	21%
	Accounting	13	3.3%		One year–three years	84	21.2%
	Sales	18	4.5%		Three years–five years	30	7.6%
	Recreation and Entertainment	2	0.5%		Over five years	46	11.6%
	Human resource	31	7.8%
	Engineering	3	0.8%
	Others	44	11.1%