Table 4.
Comparison of studies screening large IIM cohorts for anti-HMGCR autoantibodies.
| Ge et al. (11) | Watanabe et al. (10) | Williams et al. (12) | Current study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 405 patients (Bohan and Peter diagnostic criteria from 1975) | 387 patients (exclusion of non-IIM and IBM patients) | 23 IMNM anti-HMGCR–positive patients | 312 patients (ACR/EULAR classification criteria from 2017) |
| Anti-HMGCR autoantibodies assessment method | ELISA | ELISA | Chemiluminescence | ELISA, IP-IVTT |
| Anti-HMGCR–positive patients | 22 (5.4%) | 47 (12%) | 23 (100%) | 13 (4.3%) |
| Dermatomyositis phenotype | 8 (36%) | 2 (4%) | 13 (57%) | 5 (38%) |
| Females | 16 (73%) | 31 (69%) | 8 (35%) | 11 (92,3%) |
| Previous exposure to statins | 3/20 (15%) | 8 (18%) | 20 (87%) | 2 (15%) |
| Dysphagia | 11 (50%) | 20 (44%) | – | 4 (31%) |
| Elevated CK at the diagnosis | 18/21 (85.6%) | 42 (93%) | 100% | 9 (69%) |
| IMNM features in muscle biopsy | 8/12 (67%) | – | 19/23 (83%) | 12 (92%) |
| Co-occurrence of other MSA | 3 (14%) | 0 | – | 4 (31%) |
IIM, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies; IBM, inclusion body myositis; CK, creatinine kinase; IMNM, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy; MSA, myositis-specific autoantibodies; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IP-IVTT, immunoprecipitation of in vitro transcribed and translated protein.