Table 1.
Patient characteristics and hospital course before ECMO initiation.
| Median age, years (IQR) | 58 (49−64) |
| Mean age, years, mean ± SD (range) | 55.6 ± 11.4 (31−74) |
| Sex, male (%) | 24/41 (58%) |
| Median body mass index, kg/m2 (IQR) | 36.7 (33.1−42.7) |
| Mean body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD (range) | 38.9 ± 10 (26.3−81.1) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 33/41 (80.4%) |
| Diabetes | 19/41 (46.3%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1/41 (2.4%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 6/41 (14.6%) |
| Active smoker | 9/41 (21.9%) |
| Morbidly obese | 14/41 (34.1%) |
| Admissions, n (%) | |
| Direct admission from ED | 22/41 (53.7%) |
| Transfer from outside facility | 19/41 (46.3%) |
| Intubated before transfer | 15/41 (36.5%) |
| Interventions before ECMO (%) | |
| Paralyzed | 21/41 (51.2%) |
| Proned | 24/41 (58.5%) |
| CPR/cardiac arrest | 1/41 (2.4%) |
| Intubated | 34/41 (82.9%) |
| ECMO initiated while on HFNO | 4/41 (9.7%) |
| ECMO initiated while on BiPAP | 3/41 (7.3%) |
| Median hours from intubation to ECMO (IQR) | 22 (7−43) |
| Median days from admission to ECMO (IQR) | 1 (0.5−4) |
| Mean days from admission to ECMO days mean ± SD (range) | 3.6 ± 5.4 (0.5–25) |
| Median P:F ratio of intubated patients before ECMO (IQR) | 64.5 (55.7−84.2) |
| Initial cannulation site, n (%) | |
| Dual lumen single internal jugular cannula | 21/41 (51.2%) |
| Bilateral femoral VV | 18/41 (43.9%) |
| Internal jugular femoral combination | 2/41 (4.8%) |
| Bedside cannulation | 17/41 (41.4%) |
Abbreviations: BiPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HFNO, high flow nasal oxygen; IQR, interquartile range; VV, venovenous.