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. 2022 Apr 6;20(7):1363–1372. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13813

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 S protein in fractions during purification. (a) Scheme of purification using a double sucrose cushion. Up1 represents the material that did not penetrate the cushions, B1 the interface between the upper layer and the 25% (w/v) sucrose layer, 25 the 25% (w/v) sucrose fraction, and B2 the interface between the 25% and 70% sucrose layers plus the 70% sucrose layer. (b) Each fraction from the sucrose cushion was collected and analysed by Western blot using anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S protein antibody. Lane M, Protein marker; Lane PC, 50 ng of SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein from CHO cell. (c) Levels of S protein in VLP samples after purification over iodixanol gradients as measured by ELISA. The values are presented after subtraction of the negative control values from extracts from EV‐infiltrated leaves. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of averages from three independent experiments.