Tab. 7:
Potential control experiments to understand toxicity mechanisms and support interpretation of assay resultsa
| Potential control experiments | Method to perform control experiment | Purpose(s) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coating control | Perform the assay using the ENM coating at a relevant coating concentration. | Test if coating has toxicological or biological effects on organisms or cells. | Petersen et al., 2011; Sun et al., 2017 |
| Dispersant control | Perform the assay using the ENM dispersant at a relevant dispersant concentration. | Test if coating has toxicological or biological effects on organisms or cells. | Wang et al., 2010; Youn et al., 2012 |
| Dissolved ion control | For ENMs that dissolve, perform the assay using the dissolved ion. | Allows for comparison of endpoints between. ENM and constituent dissolved ions. Assess if ENM formation could occur from ions in test media or in cells present during the assay | Scanlan et al., 2013 |
| Filtrate only control | Filter the ENM suspension and then perform assay with the filtrate. | Assess potential toxicity of contaminants, and dissolution from ENMs during the synthesis, storage, and dispersion processes | Hanna et al., 2016; Coyle et al., 2020 |
a
This table has been modified and edited with permission from Petersen et al. (2014), © 2014 American Chemical Society.