Table 5.

Linear mixed effect model with repeated measures describing predictors of daily protein intake (g/kg BW)

	Variable name	Estimate	LL 95% CI	UL 95% CI	p value
Predictor variables	Surgical versus non-surgical ICU admission	0.033	− 0.021	0.087	0.234
	Average SOFA score of preceding days	0.003	− 0.002	0.008	0.246
	Patient not nourished the preceding day (yes vs. no)	− 0.121	− 0.150	− 0.091	< 0.001
	Invasive mechanical ventilation on the preceding day (yes vs. no)	0.083	0.058	0.108	< 0.001
	Main reason for ICU admission: Respiratory (yes vs. no)	0.143	0.091	0.195	< 0.001
	Nutritional needs regularly assessed for patients (yes vs. no)	− 0.219	− 0.319	− 0.120	< 0.001
	Main reason for ICU admission: Hepatic (yes vs. no)	0.125	0.066	0.184	< 0.001
Smooth terms	Age	–	–	–	0.422
	APACHE II	–	–	–	0.539
Time variable	Analysis visit day
	Day 3	0.197	0.171	0.222	< 0.001
	Day 4	0.338	0.306	0.371	< 0.001
	Day 5	0.425	0.388	0.462	< 0.001
	Day 6	0.493	0.453	0.533	< 0.001
	Day 7	0.509	0.467	0.552	< 0.001
	Day 8	0.505	0.460	0.550	< 0.001
	Day 9	0.521	0.474	0.569	< 0.001
	Day 10	0.544	0.495	0.593	< 0.001
	Day 11	0.548	0.497	0.599	< 0.001
	Day 12	0.579	0.526	0.632	< 0.001
	Day 13	0.569	0.513	0.624	< 0.001
	Day 14	0.607	0.549	0.664	< 0.001
	Day 15	0.588	0.527	0.648	< 0.001

Analysis was also adjusted for study site as random effect. APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ICU: intensive care unit; LL: lower limit; UL: upper limit; and CI: confidence interval. Continuous variables were modeled by flexible penalized spline to account for possible nonlinear (smoothed) relationships with the outcome variables

An estimate > 0 indicates that the variable was associated with a higher protein intake