Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies (n = 50)*
| Characteristic | Number | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Country | ||
| United Kingdom (inc. Ireland, Scotland) | 19 | 38 |
| Canada | 12 | 24 |
| United States | 6 | 12 |
| Australia | 7 | 14 |
| Iran | 6 | 12 |
| Norway | 3 | 6 |
| Greece | 3 | 6 |
| Cyprus | 3 | 6 |
| Czech Republic | 2 | 4 |
| Colombia | 2 | 4 |
| Italy | 2 | 4 |
| Hungary | 2 | 4 |
| Israel | 2 | 4 |
| Philippines | 2 | 4 |
| Poland | 2 | 4 |
| Spain | 2 | 4 |
| Turkey | 2 | 4 |
| New Zealand | 2 | 4 |
| Year | ||
| 2015 | 3 | 6 |
| 2016 | 5 | 10 |
| 2017 | 8 | 16 |
| 2018 | 11 | 22 |
| 2019 | 13 | 26 |
| 2020 | 10 | 20 |
| Design | ||
| Qualitative | 35 | 70 |
| Mixed | 5 | 10 |
| Cross-sectional survey | 5 | 10 |
| Randomized controlled trial (quantitative) | 2 | 4 |
| 2 group pre-post | 2 | 4 |
| Delphi or Dillman Approach | 1 | 2 |
| Setting | ||
| Education | 2 | 4 |
| Outpatient | 3 | 6 |
| Inpatient and outpatient | 2 | 4 |
| Healthcare organization | 1 | 2 |
| Hospital | 7 | 14 |
| Acute care | 1 | 2 |
| Mother and Baby Unit | 1 | 2 |
| Medical-surgical | 2 | 4 |
| Radiology | 1 | 2 |
| Palliative Care, Hospice | 7 | 14 |
| Long term care | 1 | 2 |
| Critical care and palliative care | 1 | 2 |
| Intensive care | 2 | 4 |
| Rehabilitation Units | 1 | 2 |
| Various (i.e. hospital, community, homecare / acute, home, hospice, residential / internal, surgical, emergency, burn, CCU and ICU / University & Hospital / ICU and pall care / Mental health & acute / primary care) | 8 | 14 |
| Not specified | 10 | 20 |
| Sample | ||
| Patients (exclusively) | 12 | 24 |
| Healthcare providers (exclusively) | 27 | 54 |
| Various | 16 | 42.1 |
| Nurses | 11 | 28.9 |
| Healthcare providers and Other (i.e. Physicians and/or Patients and/or Family Caregivers and/or students and/or residents and/or public members) | 11 | 22 |