Table 2.
Treatments provided and infections during ICU stay, intensive care and hospital mortality in all the patients and in patients with or without cytomegalovirus blood reactivation
| All patients (n = 431) |
No CMV reactivation (n = 343) |
CMV reactivation (n = 88) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Invasive mechanical ventilation (n, %) | 276 (64) | 197 (57.4) | 79 (89.8) | < 0.001 |
| Steroids (n, %) | 393 (91.4) | 306 (89.5) | 87 (98.9) | 0.005 |
| Tocilizumab (n, %) | 356 (82.6) | 283 (82.5) | 73 (83) | 0.921 |
| Acyclovir prophylaxis (n, %) | 318 (73.8) | 246 (71.7) | 72 (81.8) | 0.055 |
| Ganciclovir treatment (n, %) | 30 (6.9) | 30 (34.1) | < 0.001 | |
| Onset Time of CMV reactivation (days; median, IQR) | 17 (5–26) | 17 (5–26) | ||
| New bacterial infections (n, %) | 157 (37.3) | 90 (26.9) | 67 (77) | < 0.001 |
| HAP (n, %) | 133 (32.7) | 75 (23.4) | 58 (67.4) | < 0.001 |
| HAP Bacterial species (n, %) | 119 (89.5) | 64 (89.3) | 55 (94.8) | 0.344 |
| S. aureus | 38 (28.6) | 24 (32) | 14 (24.1) | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 34 (25.6) | 16 (21.3) | 18 (31) | |
| Klebsiella spp | 24 (18) | 14 (18.7) | 10 (17.2) | |
| Other entobacterales | 15 (11.3) | 6 (8) | 9 (15.5) | |
| Other | 8 (6) | 4 (5.3) | 4 (6.9) | |
| Not identified | 14 (10.5) | 11 (14.7) | 3 (5.2) | |
| Multidrug resistanta | 56 (47.1) | 29 (45.3) | 27 (49.1) | 0.681 |
| BSI (n, %) | 65 (16) | 32 (10) | 33 (38.4) | < 0.001 |
| Onset time of new bacterial infection (days; median, IQR) | 8 (3–14) | 5 (1–9) | 12 (6–17) | < 0.001 |
| Probable Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis (n, %) | 74 (17.1) | 45 (13.1) | 29 (33) | < 0.001 |
| ICU LOS (days; median, IQR) | 7 (4–16) | 6 (3–11) | 31 (12–49) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital LOS (days; median, IQR) | 23 (15–37) | 21 (13–31) | 40 (25–57) | < 0.001 |
| ICU Mortality (n, %) | 111 (25.8) | 65 (19) | 46 (52.3) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital mortality (n, %) | 143 (33.2) | 84 (24.5) | 59 (67) | < 0.001 |
CMV cytomegalovirus; HAP hospital-acquired pneumonia; BSI bloodstream infection; ICU intensive care unit; LOS length of stay; Other enterobacterales: E. coli, Serratia M, Proteus M
aMultidrug resistant according to Magiorakos AP et al. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Mar;18(3):268–81