TABLE 1.
Methods for identification or isolation of Candida auris
| Test type and details | Notesa | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Culture | ||
| Original enrichment broth | Valuable reference method for diagnostic development | 30 |
| Chromogenic medium | Aids visual identification to the species level of the common Candida spp. | 24, 26, 27 |
| Other differential media | Use of Pal’s medium, ferrous sulfate, and crystal violet | 25, 28, 29 |
| Biochemical tests | ||
| API 20C AUX | Cannot currently identify C. auris; see CDC follow-up algorithm | 12, 15, 16 |
| API ID 32C | Cannot currently identify C. auris; see CDC follow-up algorithm | 12 |
| BD Phoenix | Cannot currently identify C. auris; see CDC follow-up algorithm | 12 |
| MicroScan | Cannot currently identify C. auris; see CDC follow-up algorithm | 12 |
| RapID yeast plus | Cannot currently identify C. auris; see CDC follow-up algorithm | |
| Vitek 2 YST | Can ID some but not all C. auris; see CDC follow-up algorithm | 17 |
| MALDI-TOF MS | ||
| Bruker Biotyper 2.0 Microflex LT | FDA approved for isolate ID with CA System library (v4) | 20 |
| bioMérieux Vitek MS | FDA approved for isolate ID with IVD library v3.2 | 19 |
| Blood culture, molecular | ||
| BioFire BCID2 | FDA approved for positive blood culture | |
| GenMark Dx ePlex BCID-FP panel | FDA approved for positive blood culture | 58 |
| RT-PCR | ||
| TaqMan chemistry | Most common LDT for colonization screening in U.S. PHL | 41, 52 |
| SYBR green chemistry | Evaluated for skin and anterior nares | 39, 42 |
| Commercial RT-PCR kits | ||
| AurisID, OLM Diagnostics | CE-IVD reagents for C. auris RT-PCR | 47 |
| BioGX Candida auris | RUO reagents supporting RT-PCR and extraction on BD Max platform | |
| Fungiplex Candida auris | RUO reagents for C. auris RT-PCR | 47 |
| Other | ||
| LAMP | Unique molecular method for C. auris detection | 40 |
| T2MR C. auris | RUO test for C. auris using T2 magnetic resonance technology | 50 |
| Conventional PCR with GPI target | C. auris specific and multiplex tests feasible in low-resource settings | 36 – 38 |
a
ID, identification; LDT, laboratory-developed test; RUO, research use only; PHL, public health laboratories; CE-IVD, in vitro diagnostic approved for sale in the European Union; RT-PCR, real-time PCR.