Table 3.

Association between each CVH metrics component and the development of proteinuria after multivariable adjustment

	Model 1			Model 2
	OR	95% CI	p value	OR	95% CI	p value
Smoking status
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	0.76	(0.75–0.78)	<0.001	0.80	(0.78–0.82)	<0.001
Body mass index
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	0.66	(0.65–0.68)	<0.001	0.70	(0.68–0.71)	<0.001
Physical activity
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	0.93	(0.91–0.94)	<0.001	0.95	(0.93–0.97)	<0.001
Dietary habits
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	0.74	(0.72–0.76)	<0.001	0.82	(0.80–0.84)	<0.001
Blood pressure
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	0.85	(0.83–0.87)	<0.001	0.81	(0.79–0.83)	<0.001
Fasting plasma glucose
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	0.80	(0.79–0.82)	<0.001	0.74	(0.72–0.75)	<0.001
Total cholesterol
Ideal (vs. nonideal)	1.13	(1.11–1.16)	0.003	1.03	(1.01–1.05)	0.01

The development of proteinuria was defined as positive proteinuria (≥1+) by the urine dipstick test. Each of the seven CVH metrics components was included in the same model. Model 1 included seven components of CVH metrics. Model 2 included seven components of CVH metrics, age, and sex. CVH, cardiovascular health; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.