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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2019 May 13;74(1):194–200. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.12880

Table 2.

Top ten metabolites associated with sodium reduction

Rank Metabolites β* p FDR Super pathway Sub pathway
1 Beta-hydroxyisovalerate 0.56 <0.001 0.006 Amino Acid Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine Metabolism
2 Methionine sulfone 0.23 <0.001 0.099 Amino Acid Methionine, Cysteine, SAM and Taurine Metabolism
3 N-acetylneuraminate 0.30 0.002 0.393 Carbohydrate Aminosugar Metabolism
4 1,5-anhydroglucitol 0.11 0.004 0.448 Carbohydrate Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and Pyruvate Metabolism
5 Campesterol −0.26 0.004 0.448 Lipid Sterol
6 N2-acetyllysine 0.30 0.005 0.489 Amino Acid Lysine Metabolism
7 Threonylphenylalanine −0.36 0.006 0.489 Peptide Dipeptide
8 Maltose −0.35 0.008 0.562 Carbohydrate Glycogen Metabolism
9 Sucrose −0.39 0.009 0.562 Carbohydrate Disaccharides and Oligosaccharides
10 Vanillactate 0.23 0.009 0.562 Amino Acid Tyrosine Metabolism
*

β is the regression coefficient of intervention in the mixed-effects model adjusted for age, sex and BMI, reflects metabolomic profiling change from sodium tablets to placebo tablets.