Table 4.

Outcomes data for piriformis injection with botulinum toxin

Study (Year)	Intervention	Results
Porta,103 2000	BoNT-A (dose not reported), 0.5% bupivacaine, methylprednisolone	BoNT-A and steroid group had no significant differences in pain reduction at 1 mo; however, at 2 mo postinjection, there was a significant reduction in the BoNT-A group compared with the steroid group
Lang,106 2004	5000 u BoNT-B	Significant reduction in hip and buttock pain at 4, 12, and 16 wk
Fishman et al,107 2004	12,500 u BoNT-B	Combined with PT, 88.9% of patients injected had 50% improvement on the VAS
Yoon et al,108 2007	150 u BoNT-A vs 5 mg dexamethasone/1% lidocaine	Pain significantly lower in Dysport group at 4, 8, and 12 wk vs baseline P < .0001
Childers et al,109 2002	100 u BoNT-A	Significant improvement in pain, spasm, distress, and interference with activities
Fishman et al,110 2002	200 u BoNT-A vs 1.5 mL 2% lidocaine/20 mg triamcinolone, vs placebo	50% improvement at last 2 visits following 20 mg TL vs placebo injection: P = .001; BoNT-A vs TL: P = .044; BoNT-A vs placebo: P = .001
Fishman et al,111 2017	300 u BoNT-A vs saline	VAS score decreased significantly at 2,4,6,8,10, and 12 wk compared with placebo
Rodriguez-Pinero et al,112 2018	100 U BoNT-A	VAS scores and quality of life scores statistically significantly reduced at 1 and 6 mo after injection
Yan,113 2021	100 u BoNT-A/1% lidocaine/0.5% bupivacaine vs 1% lidocaine/0.5% bupivacaine/4 mg dexamethasone	Median pain-free days were 30 d for the BoNT-A group and 1 d for the non–BoNT-A group

Dr Chadwick has served as a consultant for Swing Therapeutics and receives research funding from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Grant # K23GM123320.