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. 2022 May 18;8(20):eabn5722. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn5722

Fig. 2. Factors affecting bending deformation of the multifunctional artificial muscle.

Fig. 2.

(A) Stress distribution and bending angle of the multifunctional artificial muscle under different irradiating powers in the simulation. (B) Maximum compressive force (F) that the rod-like LMPA could bear when the laser heat locally melted a small part of the LMPA. Inset: Cross-section of LMPA. (C) Maximum compressive force (F) that the rod-like LMPA could bear when the laser heat locally melted a major part of the LMPA. Inset: Cross-section of LMPA. (D) Actuating force of the PDA-coated LCE-based tubular actuator under different irradiating powers. (E) Influence of irradiating power on the bending angle of the multifunctional artificial muscle (where L represents the irradiating distance). Inset: Illustration of laser beam applied on the surface of artificial muscle with the irradiating distance of 30 mm and irradiating time of 5 s. (F) Influence of spot area on the bending angle of the multifunctional artificial muscle (L represents the irradiating distance). Inset: Illustration of laser beam applied on the surface of artificial muscle with the irradiating power of 1.5 W and irradiating time of 5 s. (G) Influence of irradiating time on bending angle of multifunctional artificial muscle (where L represents the irradiating distance). Inset: Illustration of laser beam applied on the surface of artificial muscle with the irradiating power of 1.4 W and irradiating distance of 30 mm. In (E) to (G), three tests were conducted on samples for each data point, and the error bars present the SD of the three repeated data.