Table 3.
Baseline Characteristics in Patients with HFrEF Tested for COVID-19
| Positive COVID-19 Test (n = 1,038) | Negative COVID-19 Test (n = 13,800) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66 (55–75) | 67 (57–76) | 0.17 |
| Female | 337 (32.5) | 4662 (33.8) | 0.18 |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||
| White | 417 (40.2) | 8072 (58.5) | |
| Black | 264 (25.4) | 2508 (18.2) | |
| Hispanic | 124 (11.9) | 603 (4.4) | |
| Other/unknown | 233 (22.4) | 2617 (19.0) | |
| Location of SARS-CoV-2 testing | <0.001 | ||
| Inpatient | 423 (40.8) | 4799 (34.8) | |
| Outpatient | 339 (32.7) | 5291 (38.3) | |
| Unknown | 276 (26.6) | 3710 (26.9) | |
| Medical History | |||
| Hypertension | 779 (75.0) | 10890 (78.9) | 0.003 |
| Coronary artery disease | 531 (51.2) | 8188 (59.3) | <0.001 |
| History of thrombosis | 87 (8.4) | 1394 (10.1) | 0.07 |
| History of PCI/CABG | 140 (13.5) | 2361 (17.1) | 0.003 |
| Myocardial infarction | 276 (26.6) | 4380 (31.7) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 354 (34.1) | 5264 (38.1) | 0.001 |
| Vascular disease | 451 (43.4) | 6527 (47.3) | 0.02 |
| Atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmia/atrial fibrillation | 408 (39.3) | 6483 (47.0) | <0.001 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 462 (44.5) | 5508 (39.9) | 0.004 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 377 (36.3) | 4790 (34.7) | 0.29 |
| Obesity | 261 (25.1) | 3502 (25.4) | 0.87 |
| Asthma | 76 (7.3) | 1075 (7.8) | 0.59 |
| COPD | 267 (25.7) | 4268 (30.9) | <0.001 |
| Moderate/severe liver disease | 17 (1.6) | 307 (2.2) | 0.21 |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 22 (2.1) | 511 (3.7) | 0.008 |
| Laboratory Results | |||
| White blood cell count (x 103/µL)* | 7.1 (5.6–9.0) | 7.5 (5.9–9.7) | 0.45 |
| Lymphocytes (%)† | 20.0 (13.0–28.0) | 19.1 (12.3–27.0) | 0.052 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL)‡ | 12.2 (10.5–13.6) | 12.2 (10.3–13.8) | 0.84 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL)§ | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL)|| | 3.7 (3.2–4.1) | 3.7 (3.2–4.1) | 0.75 |
Data represent median (quartile 1 – quartile 3) or n (%).
There were 818 and 11,834 patients with available data in the positive test and negative test groups, respectively.
There were 578 and 8377 patients with available data in the positive test and negative test groups, respectively.
There were 900 and 12,277 patients with available data in the positive test and negative test groups, respectively.
There were 895 and 11703 patients with available data in the positive test and negative test groups, respectively.
There were 561 and 7801 patients with available data in the positive test and negative test groups, respectively.
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.