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. 2022 May 19;75:102402. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102402

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Antibody recognition within the breaches of S protein glycan shield. (a) Representation of trimeric S protein with glycans (blue) present on it [33]. The RBD present on the head region of the S is highlighted in cyan. The stalk region is effectively shielded with glycans. The mesh network represents the virion membrane on which S protein is embedded. (b) Illustration of antibodies binding within the glycan shield of S protein obtained by structural alignment (www.pymol.org). The 4A8 nAb (pink, PDB 7C2L) targets the NTD region of the S protein [70]. The C002 neutralising antibody (nAb) (yellow, PBD 7K8T) is binding to RBD ‘up’ conformation [73]. The S2M11 (green, PDB 7K43) nAb recognises a quaternary epitope consisting of two neighbouring RBDs and stabilises the trimeric S in closed state [72].