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. 2022 May 18;12:8318. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12357-4

Table 3.

Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models of the primary outcome.

Medication class Outcome analysis
HR [95%CI] p value
Triple therapy 0.70 [0.55–0.91] 0.006
Double therapy 0.70 [0.56–0.89] 0.003
Single therapy Reference
None medical therapy 1.62 [1.07–2.47] 0.024

These models were adjusted by the following variables: age, sex, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, renal dysfunction (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2), ejection fraction, history of heart failure hospitalization, ischemic etiology, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, use of loop diuretics, use of statins and medical therapy (triple, double, single, and no optimal medical therapy), as well as geriatric nutritional risk index.

BB beta-blocker, RASi renin-angiotensin system inhibitor, MRA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.