Table 2.
Crude and adjusted odds ratio and adjusted absolute risk difference of adverse birth outcomes among children born to mothers with continuous antidepressant use, compared with mothers with discontinuous antidepressant use
| Birth outcomes | Continuation group (N=21,914) ┼ | Discontinuation group (N=23,676) ┼ | Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis | aAbsolute risk difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| Gestational age (days) ǂ | 274.6 (14.0) | 277.3 (13.5) | −2.7 (−2.9; −2.4) | −2.3 (−2.6; −2.0) | - |
| Birthweight (g) ǂ | 3,402.7 (589.4) | 3,468.1 (587.6) | −66.1 (−76.9; −55.3) | −51.3 (−62.2; −40.5) | - |
| n (%) | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| Extremely preterm (<28 weeks) | 56 (0.3) | 63 (0.3) | 0.99 (0.69; 1.41) | 0.90 (0.61; 1.32) | 0 (−0.1; 0.1) |
| Very preterm (28–32 weeks) | 174 (0.8) | 163 (0.7) | 1.18 (0.96; 1.47) | 1.18 (0.95; 1.47) | 0.1 (−0.1; 0.3) |
| Moderate to late preterm (32–37 weeks) | 1,673 (7.6) | 1,251 (5.3) | 1.48 (1.38; 1.60) | 1.43 (1.33; 1.55) | 2.1 (1.7; 2.6) |
| Very low birthweight (<1,500 g) | 178 (0.8) | 192 (0.8) | 1.01 (0.83; 1.24) | 1.00 (0.81; 1.24) | 0 (−0.2; 0.2) |
| Moderately low birthweight (1,500–2,499g) | 1,105 (5.0) | 315 (3.9) | 1.32 (1.21; 1.44) | 1.28 (1.17; 1.41) | 1.0 (0.7; 1.4) |
| Small for gestational age | 2,500 (11.4) | 2,675 (11.3) | 1.04 (0.96; 1.13) | 0.99 (0.91; 1.08) | −0.1 (−0.1; 0) |
| Postnatal adaptation syndrome | 228 (1.0) | 67 (0.3) | 3.92 (2.89; 5.31) | 2.59 (1.87; 3.59) | 0.5 (0.4; 0.6) |
| Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate | 59 (0.3) | 44 (0.2) | 1.45 (0.98; 2.14) | 1.26 (0.86; 1.87) | 0.1 (0.0; 0.1) |
| Neonatal admission | 5,907 (27.0) | 4,523 (19.1) | 1.67 (1.58; 1.76) | 1.52 (1.44; 1.60) | 6.3 (6.2; 6.4) |
| Congenital malformations | 970 (4.4) | 990 (4.2) | 1.06 (0.97; 1.17) | 1.03 (0.94; 1.14) | 0.1 (−0.3; 0.5) |
OR= odds ratio; aAbsolute risk difference= adjusted absolute risk difference; Adjusted for maternal age at delivery, primiparity, maternal psychiatric history at delivery, maternal inpatient and outpatient treatment from 1 year before pregnancy to delivery, dispensing of other psychotropic prescriptions during pregnancy, dispensing of antiepileptic prescriptions during pregnancy, number of maternal non-psychiatric hospital visits during pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, marital status at delivery, highest education at delivery, and calendar year of delivery.
Values are numbers of cases (percentages) unless stated otherwise.
Crude and adjusted mean differences, β-coefficients were estimated for gestational age and birth weight as continuous variables.