Table 2.

Associations of demographic and clinical risk factors with the presence of gastric intestinal metaplasia among 423 cases with and 1796 controls without gastric intestinal metaplasia represented in 3 models: 1) H. pylori alone, 2) baseline model without H. pylori, and 3) expanded model that includes H. pylori and baseline model.

	H. pylori alone			Baseline Model			Expanded Model
Effect	OR	95% (CI)		OR	95% (CI)		OR	95% (CI)
Sex: Male (Ref Female)				1.56	1.20	2.02	2.64	1.38	5.03
Age: 60–69.9 (Ref <60)				2.30	1.58	3.34	1.69	1.29	2.21
Age: ≥70 (Ref <60)				2.98	1.58	5.62	2.44	1.66	3.59
Race/Ethnicity: Black (Ref White)				2.90	2.04	4.11	1.86	1.43	2.43
Race/Ethnicity: Hispanic (Ref White)				2.54	1.98	3.27	2.32	1.61	3.34
Smoking: Current (Ref never)				1.43	1.05	1.93	2.06	1.48	2.86
Smoking: Former (Ref never)				1.96	1.42	2.69	1.37	1.00	1.87
H. pylori: Yes (Ref No)	4.03	3.20	5.07				3.57	2.79	4.55

For the expanded model, Probability $\left(\text{GIM}=\text{yes}\right)=\log \left(\left[\frac{p\left(\text{GIM}=1\right)}{1-(p\left(\text{GIM}=1\right)}\right]\right)=-3.880+0.522*\left(\text{age}60-69.9\right)+0.892*\left(\text{age}\ge 70\right)+0.969*\left(\text{Male}\right)+0.842*\left(\text{Hispanic}\right)+0.623*\left(\text{Black}\right)+0.3138*\left(\text{former}\text{smoker}\right)+0.721*\left(\text{currentsmoker}\right)+1.272*\left(\text{H}.\text{pylori}\right)$