TABLE 1.

The synergistic effects of active compounds in S. miltiorrhiza for breast cancer treatment.

Compounds	Combined compounds	Models	Dosage	Synergistic effects	Results	Ref.
CPT	Monomethylarsonous acid	MCF-7 cells	15 μm + 1 μm	Promotes apoptosis	Increased Bax, Bak, and Caspase-9	Zhang et al. (2015)
Sal A	Doxorubicin	MCF-7/DOX cells	10, 30 mg/kg + 8 mg/kg	Facilitates chemotherapy sensitivity	Decreased protein arginine methyl transferase 1 activity	Li et al. (2016)
	Paclitaxel	MCF-7/PTX cells	3, 6, 12 μM + 1,000 nM	Facilitates chemotherapy sensitivity	Inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway	Cai et al. (2014)
Tan IIA	Doxorubicin	MCF-7/DOX cells	0.02 mg/L + 2 μg/ml	Facilitates chemotherapy sensitivity	Decreased β-catenin nuclear translocation	Li et al. (2021)
	Paclitaxel	MCF-7 cells	1–20 mM + 5–100 μM	Facilitates chemotherapy sensitivity	Decreased microtubule associated protein	Lin et al. (2018)
	17-AAG	MCF-7 cells	0.5–10 μM + 0.001–50 μM	Enhances antitumor efficacy	Inhibited total protein kinase C activity	Lv et al. (2018)
	Fulvestrants	ZR-75-1 tumor xenografts	30 mg/kg/d + 250 mg/kg/w	Enhances antitumor efficacy	Decreased tumor growth	He et al. (2019)
	Doxorubicin	MCF-7/DOX cells	20 μg/ml + 2 μg/ml	Facilitates chemotherapy sensitivity and reduces toxic side effects	Inhibited PTEN/Akt pathway	(Li and Lai, 2017; Li et al., 2019)
RA	Doxorubicin	MCF-7/DOX cells	1.5, 15, 50 mΜ + 0.2 μM	Facilitates chemotherapy sensitivity	Inhibited MDM2 p53 binding protein homolog gene and increased zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 gene	Juskowiak et al. (2018)
	Paclitaxel	Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma-induced Swiss albino mice	100 mg/kg/d + 10 mg/kg, 3 times/w	Enhances antitumor efficacy	Decreased tumor growth	Mahmoud et al. (2021)