Table 3.
Differences of the adherence of snacking pattern among 662 Saudi college students
| Convenience snack | Fast foods | Sweet snacks | Healthy snacks | Beverages | Dairy products and substitutes | Caffeinated drinks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 0.04 (−0.03 − 0.1) | 0.001 (− 0.08-0.1) | 0.01 (− 0.07-0.1) | 0.01 (− 0.1-0.1) | -0.1 (− 0.2- -0.01) | − 0.09 (− 0.1- -0.002) | 0.1 (− 0.02- 0.3) |
| P value | 0.25 | 0.97 | 0.71 | 0.83 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.08 |
| Age | |||||||
| 18-21 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 22-29 | −0.02 (−0.07-0.04) | − 0.02 (− 0.08-0.04) | −0.02 (− 0.1 − 0.04) | -0.04 (− 0.1-0.03) | −0.01 (− 0.07-0.06) | −0.001 (− 0.06 − 0.06) | 0.01 (− 0.1-0.1) |
| P value | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.25 | 0.87 | 0.98 | 0.81 |
| Academic years | |||||||
| 1-3 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 4-5 | −0.06 (−0.1- -0.003) | -0.06 (− 0.1- -0.003) | −0.05 (− 0.1- 0.01) | −0.06 (− 0.1- 0.01) | −0.01 (− 0.08- 0.05) | −0.03 (− 0.1- 0.03) | −0.04 (− 0.1-0.1) |
| P value | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.71 | 0.35 | 0.53 |
| Monthly household income (SR): | |||||||
| < 5000 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 5000-15,000 | −0.04 (−0.1- 0.03) | −0.07 (− 0.1- 0.01) | −0.05 (− 0.1- 0.03) | 0.03 (− 0.07- 0.1) | 0.01 (− 0.08- 0.1) | 0.0003 (− 0.09- 0.1) | 0.07 (− 0.1- 0.2) |
| > 15,000 | 0.03 (− 0.05- 0.1) | 0.006 (− 0.08- 0.1) | 0.01 (− 0.08- 0.1) | 0.1 (0.04- 0.1) | 0.07 (− 0.02- 0.1) | 0.1 (−0.003- 0.1) | 0.1 (− 0.02- 0.3) |
| P value | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.18 | 0.006 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.22 |
| Physical activity | |||||||
| Inactive | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Active | 0.05 (−0.003- 0.1) | 0.01 (−0.04- 0.08) | −0.01 (− 0.08- 0.05) | 0.1 (0.1-0.2) | 0.08 (0.01- 0.1) | 0.06 (− 0.003- 0.1) | 0.1 (− 0.03- 0.2) |
| P value | 0.06 | 0.62 | 0.63 | < 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.14 |
| Obesity status | |||||||
| Non-obese | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Obese | 0.02 (−0.03- 0.08) | −0.003 (−0.07-0.06) | −0.003 (− 0.07- 0.07) | 0.03 (− 0.05- 0.1) | 0.08 (0.01- 0.1) | 0.07 (0.005- 0.1) | 0.1 (− 0.005- 0.2) |
| P value | 0.44 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.47 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
Data presented as Beta coefficient and 95% confidential interval
P value was analyzed using a univariate linear regression model