Table 1.
Clinical features associated with mortality at the time of body composition assessment in univariable competing risk analyses.
| Characteristics | All patients (n = 786) | sHR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56 ± 8 | 0.99 (0.98–1.004) | 0.23 |
| Sex, female | 262 (33) | 0.99 (0.79–1.24) | 0.94 |
| Cirrhosis aetiology | |||
| Alcohol | 189 (24) | 1.08 (0.84–1.37) | 0.56 |
| Hepatitis C | 324 (41) | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) | 0.49 |
| Hepatitis B | 55 (7) | 1.02 (0.65–1.60) | 0.92 |
| NASH | 152 (19) | 1.24 (0.96–1.60) | 0.09 |
| ALD | 62 (8) | 0.57 (0.37–0.90) | 0.02 |
| Encephalopathy | 285 (36) | 1.82 (1.42–2.34) | <0.001 |
| HCC | 338 (43) | 1.16 (0.94–1.43) | 0.17 |
| Refractory ascites | 207 (26) | 1.63 (1.24–2.16) | 0.001 |
| Variceal bleeding | 140 (18) | 2.25 (1.58–3.22) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/L, 35–50) | 32 ± 6 | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.18 |
| Sodium (mmol/L, 133–146) | 136 ± 6 | 0.999 (0.98–1.02) | 0.95 |
| MELD score | 15 ± 8 | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | 0.002 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 ± 6 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.42 |
| SAT radiodensity (HU) | -87 ± 16 | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | 0.04 |
| SAT cross-sectional area (cm2) | 162 ± 112 | 1.00(0.998–1.002) | 0.15 |
| SAT index (cm2/m2) | 60 ± 40 | 1.00 (0.998–1.003) | 0.64 |
| Visceral adipose tissue radiodensity (HU) | -78 ± 10 | 0.999 (0.99–1.01) | 0.90 |
| Sarcopenia∗ | 277 (35) | 1.39 (1.12–1.74) | 0.003 |
Numbers in parentheses are percentages. sHRs and p values were estimated using the Fine–Gray sub-distribution hazard model.
ALD, autoimmune liver diseases; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HU, Hounsfield units; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease, NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; sHR, sub-distribution hazard ratio; SMI, skeletal muscle index.
∗
Sarcopenia was defined using established cut-offs in patients with cirrhosis as SMI <50 cm2/m2 in males and <39 cm2/m2 in females.17