Table 4.

Utilization rate, out of pocket payment (₹), and benefit incidence on cesarean delivery by wealth quintile and level of care in India, 2015–16

Type of public health center	Wealth Quintile	Number of people utilizing public health services (1)	Utilization Rate (2)	Median OOP in Public Health services in ₹ (3)	Median cost of service in private health center in ₹ (4)	Net subsidy at public health center in ₹ (5 = 4–3)	Individual Subsidy Benefit (6 = 5*2)	Benefit Incidence (7)
Primary: PHC, UHC, & others#	Poorest	1061	0.093	4200	20,000	15,800	1468	8.7
	Poorer	1872	0.164	3900	20,000	16,100	2639	15.7
	Middle	2780	0.243	3050	20,000	16,950	4125	24.5
	Richer	3114	0.273	3000	20,000	17,000	4635	27.5
	Richest	2595	0.227	2500	20,000	17,500	3976	23.6
	Total	11,422					16,842
Secondary: Government/ Municipal, Rural Hospital	Poorest	133	0.109	1500	20,000	18,500	2010	12.0
	Poorer	242	0.198	3000	20,000	17,000	3361	20.0
	Middle	303	0.248	4000	20,000	16,000	3961	23.5
	Richer	336	0.275	2400	20,000	17,600	4831	28.7
	Richest	210	0.172	4500	20,000	15,500	2659	15.8
	Total	1224					16,823
Any Public Health Centers	Poorest	1194	0.094	4000	20,000	16,000	1511	9.0
	Poorer	2114	0.167	3800	20,000	16,200	2708	16.1
	Middle	3083	0.244	3100	20,000	16,900	4120	24.5
	Richer	3450	0.273	3000	20,000	17,000	4638	27.5
	Richest	2805	0.222	2530	20,000	17,470	3875	23.0
	Total	12,646					16,852