Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of students and their associations with homelessness—23 state youth risk behavior surveys, 2019
| Characteristics | All %c | Homelessness Statusa,b % (95% CI) | Chi-square p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homeless (n = 4507) % (CI) | Stably housed (n = 100,265) % (CI) | |||
| Total (N = 104,772)d | 100 | 5.9 (4.9, 7.1) | 94.1 (92.9, 95.1) | |
| Sex | < 0.0001 | |||
| Female | 48.9 | 36.3 (31.2, 41.9) | 50.3 (49.3, 51.3) | |
| Male | 51.1 | 63.7 (58.1, 68.9) | 49.7 (48.7, 50.8) | |
| Race/ethnicity | < 0.0001 | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 50.1 | 35.3 (28.6, 42.6) | 51.5 (49.1, 53.9) | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 13.4 | 19.8 (15.8, 24.6) | 12.5 (11.4, 13.6) | |
| Hispanic | 25.0 | 36.0 (25.7, 47.8) | 24.1 (21.3, 27.1) | |
| Grade | 0.0025 | |||
| 9th | 26.5 | 22.3 (18.7, 26.3) | 26.6 (23.5, 30.0) | |
| 10th | 25.5 | 27.9 (20.3, 37.1) | 25.3 (22.9, 27.8) | |
| 11th | 24.2 | 22.7 (17.9, 28.5) | 24.4 (21.9, 27.1) | |
| 12th | 23.8 | 27.1 (20.3, 35.2) | 23.8 (21.2, 26.5) | |
| Sexual identitye | < 0.0001 | |||
| Heterosexual (straight) | 83.3 | 68.6 (63.8, 73.1) | 84.2 (83.5, 84.8) | |
| Gay, lesbian, bisexual | 11.9 | 20.5 (17.5, 23.9) | 11.5 (11.0, 12.0) | |
| Not sure | 4.7 | 10.9 (7.8, 15.0) | 4.4 (3.9, 4.9) | |
CI confidence interval
a
Homelessness status was determined using the question: “During the past 30 days, where did you usually sleep?”
b
Chi-square tests were used for each variable to examine differences within categories. Bold text indicates a significant difference in homelessness status across levels of the demographic characteristics. Differences were considered significant if the chi-square p value was < 0.05
c
Weighted percentages; because of rounding, percentages may not add up to 100%
d
Unweighted sample size
e
Sexual identity not ascertained in Idaho, Kansas, Louisiana, Montana, or South Dakota