Table 7.

Summary of herpes viruses' DNA biosensor.

Virus	Genosensor type	Method	Electrode	Assay time	Linear rang	Detection limit	Ref
HSV I	Piezoelectric	Acoustic	QCM	3 min	5.2 × 10−11_1.3 × 10−7 M	10−18 M	[254]
HSV I	Piezoelectric	Acoustic	Gold	6 min	_	5.2 × 10−12 M	[255]
HSV I	Capacitive	Impedimetric	Aluminum	30 s	_	21 × 10 −17 M	[256]
CMV	Electrochemical	Voltammetric	SPE	_	1 × 10−10M	6 × 10 −16M	[257]
CMV	Electrochemical	Amperometric	SPE	_	3 × 10 −8_ 2 × 10−7 M	3 × 10 −11 M	[258]
CMV	Optical	Fluorometric	GO	_	_	4.15 × 105IFU/ml	[259]
CMV	Optical	SPR	Gold	<1 h	_	24_108 × 10 −15M	[260]
CMV	Piezoelectric	PCR	QCM	_	0_500 × 10 −9 M	25 × 10 −9 M	[261]
CMV	Piezoelectric	SDA	Gold	>3 h	_	_	[262]
EBV	Electrochemical	Voltammetric	Graphite	_	3.78_756 × 10 −6 M	17.32 × 10 −9 M	[263]
EBV	Electrochemical	Microfluidic	Gold	10 min	1.0 × 103_1.0 × 10−1 copies/mL	1.1 × 103 copies/mL	[264]
EBV	Electrochemical	EIS	Gold	_	1 × 10−15_1 × 10−9 M	38 × 10−17 M	[265]
EBV	LF	LF	Gold	_	_	_	[266]
EBV	Electrochemical	Signal amplification	QCM-D	_	11.235 × 10−11 _2.247 × 10−9 M	112.35 × 10−12M	[267]
HHV-5	Electrochemical	Voltammetric	Zn–Ag	5 s	113_103 and 3 × 105_106copies/mL	97 copies/mL	[268]
KSHV	LF	SERS	Gold	20 min	0_100 × 10 −12 M	0.043 × 10 −12 M	[269]

SPE; screen-printed carbon electrode, IFU; immunofluorescence focus unit, SPR; surface plasmon resonance, GO; graphene oxide, SDA; strand displacement amplification, EIS; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, LF; lateral flow, QCM-D; quartz crystal microbalance with a dissipation monitoring, Zn–Ag; zinc-silver, SERS; surface-enhanced Raman scattering.